Top 10+ Interview Questions and Answers on AWS

Explore the Top 10+ Interview Questions and Answers on AWS to ace your cloud job interview. Perfect for beginners and professionals preparing for AWS roles.

1. Give examples of AWS offered services.

Ans: - AWS services are listed below,

• EC2 instance: - Elastic Compute Cloud (Virtual Server in AWS)
• S3 storage: - It is called Simple Storage Service. S3 is an object storage service
• VPC: - It’s a private network on the AWS cloud (Virtual Private Cloud)
• RDS: - Relational Database System (Eg: - MySQL, SQL database, MariaDB, Aurora, etc.)
• DynamoDB: - It’s a No-SQL database service of AWS  
• SNS: - Simple Notification Service
• SQS: - Simple Queue Service 
• IAM: - Identity and Access Management (Manages Users, Groups, Policies, and Roles) 
• Elastic Beanstalk: - It’s a PAAS solution provided by AWS
• Lambda: - It’s a compute service by AWS. But it is Serverless.
• ECS: - Elastic Container Service 
• EKS: - Elastic Kubernetes Service
• CloudWatch: - Monitoring service of AWS
• CloudFormation: - It is an IAC (Infrastructure as Code) tool of AWS

2. What is Route 53?

Ans:- It’s a DNS (Domain Name System) service of AWS. Resolves FQDN (Fully Qualified Domain Name) to IP address and vice versa.

We can create a Private Hosted Zone & Public Hosted Zone.

3. What is Cloud computing?

        Ans: Cloud computing offers Virtual Infrastructure on demand for customers. It's pay-per-use.

       So, we have to pay as per resource usage.

       Cloud Services Providers: -

• AWS (Amazon Web Services) - 33 % market share
• Microsoft Azure – 22% market share
• Google Cloud -- 8% market share

4. What is AMI?

Ans: - AMI stands for Amazon Machine Image.   It’s an operating system image. Using AMI, we can deploy an EC2 instance in a Region.

AMI is region-specific, and we can create a custom image of a running EC2 instance.

5. What is lambda?  Any practical example?

Ans: - Lambda is a pioneer in Serverless.  Lambda is a compute service. We can deploy our application on Lambda. But lambda gets triggered whenever required.  We don’t use Lambda for an application that should run 24x7.

Ex: -  Start/Stop of EC2 instance is possible using Lambda.

6. What is Edge Location or PoP?

Ans: - It’s a mini datacenter used for content caching. Today, AWS has created 700+ edge locations worldwide. We can say it as PoP (Point of Presence). These edge locations are used for CDN (Content Delivery Network)

7. What is EFS?

Ans: - EFS (Elastic File Storage). This is an example of the File Share service.  Provides data sharing between Linux systems.

We can create EFS storage and mount it on multiple Linux EC2 instances.

8. What is IAM?

Ans: - IAM stands for Identity and Access Management.  Using IAM, we can manage

• Users: - An Account through which we can log in to the system.
• Groups: - A Group account is a collection of multiple similar users.
• Policy: - It provides permissions. We can assign a policy to users, groups, and Roles
• Role: - We can assign single or multiple policies to an IAM Role. Roles can be attached to resources like EC2.

9. How many S3 buckets can we create?

Ans: - To store data using S3, we need to create buckets. The bucket name should be unique over the entire  AWS infrastructure. The maximum buckets we can create is 100. We cannot increase it.

We can save unlimited data in an S3 bucket. But a single file that we can upload cannot be more than 5 TB.

10. What are EC2 pricing options?

Ans: EC2 has the following pricing options.

• On-demand Instance: - It’s a pay-per-use. It’s the costliest pricing option. Used for unpredictable workload or testing purposes. 

• Reserved Instance: - We need to reserve instance capacity either for 1 year or 3 years. Provides up to 75% cost saving compared with on-demand hourly charges. We need to make an upfront payment.

• Saving Plan: - Need to make a commitment for 1 year or 3 years (Same as Ris). But provides more flexibility than RIs. We need to use AWS for minimum per-hour compute usage.

• Spot Instance: - Spot instance 90% cheaper compared to an on-demand instance. But we can use it for testing purposes. Because spot instances can be evicted at any time. AWS is selling its unused infrastructure using spot instances.

• Dedicated Hosts: - Physical server dedicated to a single customer. Will get full control of the Server. We can use our on-premise server license.

• Dedicated Instance: - We can run our instance on dedicated hardware for a single customer. But less control compared to Dedicated Hosts.

11. What are Security Groups and NACLs?

Ans: - Both provide security. 

• Security group: - It’s an instance-level firewall. By default, all outgoing traffic is allowed, and all incoming traffic is blocked.
• NACL: - Network Security Group, It’s a Subnet Level. By default, all outgoing  & incoming traffic is allowed.

12. What is mean by Stop instance and Terminate instance?

Ans: -  

• Stop Instance: - Nothing but shutdown the EC2 instance. Stops paying for compute, but we need to pay EBS cost.
• Terminating Instance: - Means deleting the EC2 instance.

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Author:-

Amol Shende